September 17,
2019
Chou,Chia-fu
, IOP-Academia
Sinica
Host:
Pao-Ti
Chang
Time: 2:20 pm
-3:20 pm
Place: Room 104,
CCMS-New Phys. building
Title:
Nano-optofluidic platforms for
molecular and cellular analysis
Abstract
Geometrically simple nanostructures, in the forms of nanoslits,
nanochannels, nanoconstrictions, and plasmonic nanogaps, offer unique
platforms for the study of molecular and cellular biophysics, with the
potential for bioanalytical applications. In recent years, we have
developed various nano-optofluidic platforms for the manipulation and
analysis of biomolecules and cells [1-9]. Here we will elaborate on the
following examples: (1) multi-functional electrode nanogaps for AC
dielectrophoresis (DEP)-based molecular trapping, plasmonic hot spots
for SERS, and electrical measurements for proteins [5] and amyloid-beta
oligomers; (2) nanoslit structure for Nanofluidic Fluorescence
Microscopy, a cost-effective nanofluidics-based immunosensor for
real-time monitoring of protein binding kinetics and affinity studies
[6-8]; and (3) 10 nm deep sub-nanoliter fluidic nanochannels on
germanium crystal for attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR)
spectroscopy for ultralow volume molecular characterization [9]; and
(4) periodic micro-nanofluidic structures for the study of physical
stress-induced morphological plasticity of bacteria [10] and the
dynamic pattern formation of bacteria cell-division regulating
proteins. Our platforms open up new and simple ways for molecular and
cellular study and analysis.
Brief Bio
Brief biography:
Dr. Chou received his B.S. in physics from National Tsing Hua
University in 1986, and Ph.D. in physics from State University of New
York at Buffalo in 1996. From 1997-2000, he was a NIH Postdoctoral
Fellow at Princeton University (in physics and molecular biology). In
2000, he joined the Solid State Research Center of Motorola Labs in
Tempe, AZ, as a Lead Scientist, and later Principal Staff Scientist. In
late 2002, he co-founded the interdisciplinary Center for Applied
Nanobioscience in the Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University,
and served as an Associate Professor and Principal Investigator. Since
Spring 2006, he has been appointed Research Fellow at Institute of
Physics with affiliation at both Genomics Research Center and Research
Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica. He has over 100
scientific publications and 13 issued patents (USA*9, Taiwan*2, EU*1,
China*1). He is best known in the BioMEMS community as an inventor of
electrodeless (insulator-based) dielectrophoresis for molecular
trapping and the nanoscale molecular dam for ultrafast protein
enrichment and sensing. His current research interests include
molecular and cell biophysics, nanobiosensors, micro- and nanofluidics,
and bioimaging. During 2013-2016, he served on the Editorial Board of
the AIP Journal Biomicrofluidics. He chaired the 5th International
conference of Advances of Microfluidics and Nanofluidics (AMN2014) and
served as a guest editor of the special issue of Biomicrofluidics for
AMN2014; and co-chaired Biophysical Society (USA) Thematic Meeting: New
Biological Frontiers Illuminated by Molecular Sensors and Actuators
(2015). His work has been selected as Academia Sinica Significant
Research Achievements and was awarded an Outstanding Research Award
(科技部傑出研究獎) in 2014 from the Ministry of Science and Technology, ROC.
September 24,
2019
Richard
Ellis , U. of London
Host:
Lin,
Yen-Ting
Time: 2:20 pm
-3:20 pm
Place: Room 204,
CCMS-New Phys. building
Title:
Cosmic Dawn: The
Observational Quest for the First Galaxies
Abstract
The birth of galaxies represents the last unexplored frontier of cosmic
history and it is commonly believed such early systems led to the
transformation of neutral gas in the intergalactic medium into its
present fully-ionised state. Some progress has been made in charting
the demographics of early galaxies into the era when reionisation is
thought to occur, but little is known about the nature of their stellar
populations, the possible role of active nuclei and whether galaxies
are capable of generating sufficient ionising radiation. Spectroscopy
holds the key to addressing these questions, targeting both individual
sources at high redshift as well as carefully-chosen analogues at
intermediate redshift. I will describe the recent progress and
challenges as we anticipate the launch of the James Webb Space
Telescope and the arrival of next-generation large telescopes.
Brief Bio
Richard Ellis is Professor of Astrophysics at University College
London. Professor Ellis obtained his Ph.D. at Oxford University in
1974. As a young researcher he established a major astronomy group at
Durham University and later became the Director of the Institute of
Astronomy at Cambridge University. He emigrated to the California
Institute of Technology in 1999 where he was Director of the Palomar
and Caltech Optical Observatories. Ellis’ research interests span the
distribution of dark matter, the history of the cosmic expansion and
studies of the first galaxies seen when the Universe was less than 5%
of its present age. His awards include the Gruber Cosmology and
Breakthrough Foundation Prizes and the Gold Medal of the Royal
Astronomical Society. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society and was
awarded the title of Commander of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth
in 2008 for his contributions to international science.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Octorber 01, 2019
Yipeng
Jing(景益鹏) ,
SJTU-physics
Host: Teppei
Okumura
Time: 2:20 pm
-3:20 pm
Place: Room 104,
CCMS-New Phys. building
Title:
Accurate unbiased
measurement
of the Milky Way's mass in cosmological context
Abstract
I will briefly review recent development of observational cosmology,
and outline the importance of determining the mass of the Milky Way.
Then I will present the current status of the Milky Way mass
measurement and discuss the main uncertainties and shortcomings
associated with previous methods. I will then present our new method in
order to overcome most of the drawbacks. The 6D phase space
distribution function of satellites is constructed from cosmological
simulations based on the similarity implied by the NFW profile. Within
the Bayesian statistical framework, we can not only infer the halo mass
efficiently, but also handle various observational effects including
the selection function, incomplete information (e.g., lack of proper
motion), and measurement errors in a rigorous and straightforward
manner. Through mock tests, we show that this method is accurate and
unbiased, and superior to methods solely based on Jeans theorem. We
also demonstrate the satellite galaxies are better tracers than stars
in general. Applying our method to the recent GAIA observations has
yielded the most accurate determination of the Milky Way mass. While
the important application of our method is to measure the Milky Way
halo mass, it can be extended to any other galaxies or clusters whose
member satellites can be reliably identified.
Brief Bio
Yipeng Jing got his PhD in Astrophysics in 1992 at the International
School for Advanced Studies in Italy. He is an expert on the structure
formation in the Universe. He joined Shanghai Astronomical Observatory
in 2000 as a professor after eight years of research in the US, Germany
and Japan. In 2012, he moved to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and now
serves as the Dean of its School of Physics and Astronomy. Based on his
significant contributions to research on astronomy and astrophysics, he
was elected to the Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in
2015,and is the founding director of Department of Astronomy, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University. Currently he serves as the president of Chinese
Astronomical Society (Mainland) and the executive deputy
editor-in-chief of Science China (Physics, Mechanics and Astronomy)
Octorber
08, 2019
Prof. Ulrich Haisch, MPI for
physics
Host:
Cheng-Wei Chiang
Time: 2:20 pm
-3:20 pm
Place: Room 104,
CCMS-New Phys. building
Title:
Missing energy signals at
the LHC
Abstract
Dark matter (DM) is one of the main search targets for the experiments
at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Based on the assumption that DM is
a weakly interacting massive particle, the ATLAS and CMS collaborations
have searched for DM candidates manifesting as particles that escape
the detectors, creating a sizeable transverse momentum imbalance
(ETmiss).Therefore,
the minimal
experimental signature of DM production at a hadron collider consists
in an excess of events with a visible final-state object
Brief Bio
EDUCATION AND EXPERIENCE
Ph.D., Technische Universität München, Germany,
2002
Research Associate, FNAL, USA, 2002–2005
Postdoc, Universität Zürich, Switzerland, 2005–2007
Advanced Postdoc,
Universität Mainz, Germany, 2007–2010
Junior Professor, Universität
Mainz, Germany, 2010–2011
Departmental Lecturer, University of Oxford, 2011-2016
Senior
Researcher, University of Oxford, 2016-2018
Permanent Staff, Max Planck Institute for Physics, since 2018
Awards & Honours
Paid visitor at the Theory Division CERN, 2002
Scientific Associate at the Theory Division CERN, 2007
Octorber
15, 2019
Prof.Ching-RayChang,
NTU-Physics
Host:
Pao-Ti Chang
Time: 2:20 pm
-3:20 pm
Place: Room 104,
CCMS-New Phys. building
Title:
Second quantum revolution
–Quantum Computer
Abstract
Quantum science was founded in Europe in the early twentieth century
and then accelerates the understanding of the universe. Quantum science
does have significant differences with classical macroscopic world. For
example, the concept of probability and uncertainty not only causes
great changes in science and technology, but also causes much
discussions in humanities and philosophy. After the emergence of
transistors and CMOS, and the Moore’s law, it causes the first quantum
technology revolution, and electronics makes revolutionary changes in
human life. Now Moore’s law is going to be ended for the limitation of
nature. However, only a very small amount of knowledge in quantum
science has been applied in current technologies. The quantum nature of
superposition, entanglement and measurement are only recently been
applied into quantum industries, and one major disruptive and
revolutionary technology is quantum computer. This presentation will
outline the importance and the possible impact of the emergence of
quantum computers. Also the attitudes that industry and younger
generation should have to face this second quantum technology
revolution.
Brief Bio
Prof. Ching-Ray Chang received the B. S. degree in Physics from
National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, in 1979, then Ph.D. degree
in Physics from University of California, San Diego, in 1988. He was
associated with magnetic group of Industrial Technology Research
Institute at 1988. Since 1989, he has been teaching in National Taiwan
University and concentrating his research in micromagnetic numerical
modeling since 1980s. He not only carried out pioneering static studies
of micromagnetic structures in the early 80s but also was one of the
first to apply the Landau-Lifschitz equation to sub-nanosecond analysis
in the 1990s. Prof. Chang has made very significant scientific
contributions and had great impact on the understanding of nucleation,
spin dynamics and thermal activation of magnetic materials, also
recently spin transport in low dimensional materials. He was the
president of Asia Union of Magnetic Societies (AUMS) and Director of
the Center for Theoretical Physics in NTU. He also served as Presidents
of both Taiwanese Physical Society and Taiwan Associations of Magnetic
Technologies. He is both APS and IEEE Fellows. He has authored more
than 280 papers published and held more than 30 magnetic related
patents. Currently he is director of NTU-IBM quantum computer hub and
also the Chair of quantum computer promotion office, MOST.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Octorber
22,
2019
Prof.
Yee Bob Hsiung,
NTU-Physics
Host: Pao-Ti
Chang
Time: 2:20 pm
-3:20 pm
Place: Room 104,
CCMS-New Phys. building
Title:
Why/How do we study very
rare kaon decays?
and recent new experimental results!
Abstract
Very rare kaon decay (K--> pinunubar) searches have been carried
out in
decades both in charged and neutral kaon system. Not only it may shed
light on CP violation in quark sector, but also contributes to Flavor
Changing Neutral Current in Standard Model or New Physics. In this talk
I will discuss why and how we study such very rare processes in
experiments, but also present interesting recent new results.
Brief Bio
Prof. Yee Bob Hsiung received his Bachelor degree at NTU Physics
Department and Ph.D. in Physics at Columbia University. The most
important and devoted scientific contributions of Prof. Yee Bob Hsiung
are discovery of “Direct CP Violation” in neutral K-meson decays, as
well as discovery and precise measurement of the 3rd mixing angle
(smallest one) in the neutrino oscillation. He was the co-spokesperson
of KTeV experiment at Fermilab before he returned to NTU in 2002. He
received the Outstanding Scholar Awards from the Foundation for the
Advancement of Outstanding Scholarship (2003-2008), and he served as
the Department Chair and the President of PSROC (now TPS) the Physics
Society in Taiwan. In 2014 he received the 17th National Professorship
of ROC in Taiwan from Ministry of Education. Also Sharing the 2016
Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics at US. Recently he received
NTU Chair Professorship from 2016.8.1 to 2022.7.31.
Octorber
29,
2019
Dr.
Ing-Shouh Hwang , IOP-Academia
Sinica
Host: Pao-Ti
Chang
Time: 2:20 pm
-3:20 pm
Place: Room 104,
CCMS-New Phys. building
Title:
Gases
in Water and at Solid-Water Interfaces
Abstract
Liquid water under ambient conditions always contains a small amount of
gas. Gas in water is a general and fundamental phenomenon. Despite of
numerous theoretical and experimental studies for decades, there remain
many scientific puzzles about gas in water, such as nucleation of gas
bubbles in water. Recent studies have indicated that air gases
dissolved in water tend to enrich at the interfaces between hydrophobic
solids and water and form several types of gas-containing structures.
It remains challenging to explain the observations on these structures.
Due to the very low solubility of gas molecules in water, it has been
theoretically assumed that gas molecules are well dispersed as monomers
and that the concentration of gas molecules at a given time and
position is sufficient to describe the gas condition in water. Recent
studies reveal that gas molecules may form microscopic structures in
water when gas concentration is above the saturation level
(super-saturated). I will review some of the issues related to gases in
water and at solid-water interfaces and present new experimental
evidence that hopefully will lead to new understanding.
Brief Bio
Ing-Shouh Hwang completed his PhD degree in 1993 from Harvard
University. He joined the Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica in 1994
and is currently a Research Fellow. He received Young Investigator
Award of Academia Sinica in 1999, Outstanding Research Award of
National Science Council of R.O.C. in 2000, and Outstanding
Nanotechnology Research Award of Taiwan Nanotechnology Industry
Development Association in 2006. His main research interests regard
development and application of scanning probe microscopy, surface and
interface science, solid-water interfaces, gas in water, and
development of microscopy and spectroscopy based on coherent electron
beams emitted from single-atom tips.
November 05,
2019
Prof.
Daw-Wei Wang, NTHU-Physics
Host: Pao-Ti
Chang
Time: 2:20 pm
-3:20 pm
Place: Room 104,
CCMS-New Phys. building
Title:
Deep
Learning in Large and Small Universes --- from Astronomy, Neural
Sciences, to Condensed Matter Physics
Abstract
In this colloquium, I will briefly introduce our recent research using
Deep Learning (DL) in astronomy, neural sciences, and condensed matter
physics. In astronomy, our goal is to search for the Young Stellar
Objects (YSOs) from the spectral energy distribution (SED). We show
that a YSO can be identified precisely even when using SED of three
wavelengths only in the low energy regime, where the observational
errors are much larger. In neural sciences, we identify the polarity of
neuron cells from their optical image with a very high accuracy
(>95%) even for complex neurons. This makes it possible to
determine the direction of signal flows in the neural networks of a
Drosophila brain. Finally, if time allowed, I will show how DL can be
used to identify topological and quantum phase transitions from the
experimentally measurable correlations in the bulk without a priori
knowledge about Berry curvature or order parameters. Hope this brief
overview will demonstrate that DL could be also applied in fundamental
research by providing deeper insights into our universe with
multi-scales.
Daw-Wei Wang is a professor in Physics Department and a joint
appointment professor in General Education Center, National Tsing-Hua
University (NTHU). He also serves as Vice Director of Physics Division
of National Center for Theoretical Sciences and Director of Counseling
Center in NTHU. He has been awarded Daniel Tsui Fellowship (Hong Kong
U.) and Ta-You Wu Memorial Award (MoST) for his research work in
condensed matter theory. In recent years, his major interest is to
apply Artificial Intelligence for interdisciplinary research. More
information can be found in his research website:
http://www.phys.nthu.edu.tw/~aicmt/
November 12,
2019
Prof.
Gerard Mourou ,École polytechnique
Palaiseau
France
Host: Pao-Ti
Chang
Time: 2:20 pm
-3:20 pm
Place: Room 104,
CCMS-New Phys. building
Title:
PASSION
EXTREME LIGHT
Abstract
Extreme-light laser is a universal source providing a vast range of
high energy radiations and particles along with the highest field,
highest pressure, temperature and acceleration. It offers the
possibility to shed light on some of the remaining unanswered questions
in fundamental physics like the genesis of cosmic rays with energies in
excess of 1020 eV or the loss of information in black-holes. Using
wake-field acceleration some of these fundamental questions could be
studied in the laboratory. In addition extreme-light makes possible the
study of the structure of vacuum and particle production in "empty"
space which is one of the field’s ultimate goal, reaching into the
fundamental QED and possibly QCD regimes. Looking beyond today’s
intensity horizon, we will introduce a new concept that could make
possible the generation of attosecond-zeptosecond high energy coherent
pulse, de facto in x-ray domain, opening at the Schwinger level, the
zettawatt, and PeV regime; the next chapter of laser-matter
interaction.
Gérard Mourou is Professor Haut-Collège at the École polytechnique. He
is also the A.D. Moore Distinguished University Emeritus Professor of
the University of Michigan. He received his undergraduate education at
the University of Grenoble (1967) and his Ph.D. from University Paris
VI in 1973. He has made numerous contributions to the field of
ultrafast lasers, high-speed electronics, and medicine. But, his most
important invention, demonstrated with his student Donna Strickland
while at the University of Rochester (N.Y.), is the laser amplification
technique known as Chirped Pulse Amplification (CPA), universally used
today. CPA revolutionized the field of optics, opening new branches
like attosecond pulse generation, Nonlinear QED, compact particle
accelerators. It extended the field of optics to nuclear and particle
physics. In 2005, Prof. Mourou proposed a new infrastructure ; the
Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI), which is distributed over three
pillars located in Czech Republic, Romania, and Hungary. Prof. Mourou
also pioneered the field of femtosecond ophthalmology that relies on a
CPA femtosecond laser for precise myopia corrections and corneal
transplants. Over a million such procedures are now performed annually.
Prof. Mourou is member of the U.S. National Academy of Engineering, and
a foreign member of the Russian Science Academy, the Austrian Sciences
Academy, and the Lombardy Academy for Sciences and Letters. He is
Chevalier de la Légion d’honneur and was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize
in Physics with his former student Donna Strickland.
November 19,
2019
Prof.Pavel Kroupa , U. of Bonn
Host: Okumura,
Teppei
Time: 2:20 pm
-3:20 pm
Place: Room 104,
CCMS-New Phys. building
Title:
Detecting
dark matter
Abstract
Neither the standard model of particle physics nor direct detection
experiments have yielded any need nor any evidence for the existence of
cold or warm dark matter particles. These are only hypothesised to
exist if general relativity is extrapolated from the Solar-system scale
to galaxies and beyond. Cases in point are the observed non-Keplerian,
flat rotation curves of disk galaxies which are the by far dominant
population of galaxies and the missing mass phenomenon in galaxy
clusters. I will discuss the possibility of confirming the existence of
such dark matter particles using Chandrasekhar dynamical friction.
Explicit test cases are the satellite galaxies of the Milky Way, the
M81 group of galaxies and Hickson compact groups. The observed
positions and motion of the galaxies in these systems show that the
action of dynamical friction on the speculative dark matter halos is
not evident in the data. The systems behave dynamically as if the
extended dark matter halos do not exist. Thus, the orbits of the Milky
Way satellite galaxies do not seem to be decaying sufficiently with
time, nor are the compact galaxy groups merging. Corroborative evidence
comes from the highly symmetric distribution of all non-satellite
galaxies in two 1.5Mpc extended, 50kpc-thick planes in the Local Group
around the axis joining the Milky-Way and Andromeda galaxies. This
symmetric arrangement of matter on Mpc scales remains entirely
unexplained by current cosmological and dynamical theory, and is
largely ignored by the community, despite being based on the very best
extragalactic data at hand (because the involved galaxies are the
nearest galaxies to the Milky Way). Further corroborative evidence
comes from the five nearest major galaxies having three highly
pronounced disk-of-satellite systems, which together falsify the
standard dark-matter-based cosmological model with more than five sigma
confidence. The evidence thus gathered consistently and unanimously
shows that dark matter particles cannot be present. The observed
dynamics therefore cannot be Newtonian, but must, in the classical
limit, essentially be Milgromian, and cosmological theory needs a major
repositioning. As a consequence, our ability to deduce the physics of
galaxy evolution from observation is probably wrong as it is at present
based on assuming the standard cosmological model is valid.
Brief Bio
I was born in southern Bohemia half way between Prague and Vienna and
my father fled from the country with me in 1968 on the first night of
the invasion by the Warsaw Pact. We lived, each time for five years, in
Germany, South Africa, Germany and Australia. I studied physics and
mathematics at The University of Western Australia but moved to
Cambridge in the UK in 1988 where I obtained my PhD degree in 1992 at
Trinity College as an Isaac Newton Scholar. My first post-doctoral
position I took up in Heidelberg until 2000 when I moved to Kiel in
northern Germany for my first teaching position. After winning a
Heisenberg Fellowship there I accepted a professorship offer form the
University of Bonn where I am since 2004. In 2017 I was named
"professorem hospitem" by the rector of Charles University in Prague,
where I now spend much of my time and am also supervising a few PhD
students. In terms of prizes and awards I obtained an Isaac Newton
Studentship (Trinity College, Cambridge), a Senior Rouse Ball Research
Studentship (Trinity College, Cambridge), A Heisenberg Fellowship
(Germany), a Swinburne Visiting Professorship (UK), a Leverhulme Trust
Visiting Professorship (Australia), an INNOLEC Lectureship in
Theoretical Physics (Masaryk University) and have been a Science
Visitor at ESO in Garching and Santiago many times. I have also been
awarded the Silver Commemorative Medal of the Senate of the Czech
Republic and the Crystal Rose by the citizens of my town of birth,
Jindrichuv Hradec.
November 26,2019
Prof.
Chen, Kuan-Ren ,NCKU-Physics
Host:
Time: 2:20 pm
-3:20 pm
Place: Room 104,
CCMS-New Phys. building
Title:
Self-beating
to beat Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle and implications to Quantum
Mechanics
Abstract
There are two kinds of nonlinear mechanism. Beat is typical for the
kind of two or more frequencies, while the other kind with only one
frequency is due to large wave amplitude or weak media with
nonlinearity. Considering only linear materials and processes, we
discover self-beat as a new kind of mechanism to produce a wave
function that does not appear to be linear. During a Gaussian pulse is
transmitting through a plasmonic slit, a portion of the light pulse
transmits as a sub-pulse, while the rest is reflected at the exit
interface, propagates a round-trip, and then reaches the exit again.
These linear processes repeat. The superposition of sub-pulses, each
with a phase delay in-between, produces the transmitted periodical
light with frequencies that beat its original light frequency. Together
with the plasma effects of non-uniform dispersion and sub-pulse
spreading, self-beating can explain intrigue observed phenomena with
analytical methods and simulations. The new physics of self-beating in
time domain can be applied to spatial domain. Heisenberg considers the
linear diffraction processes of light passing through a hole.
Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle (HUP) determines the minimum
divergence angle. However, our super-collimation of light results show
that light can pass through the plasmonic sub-wavelength structures in
a metallic film and propagate tens of wavelength without divergence.
These results beat HUP that does not consider phase, sub-wavelength
wave mechanics and, of course, self-beating. As a fundamental
scientific breakthrough, these novel phenomena and physics are studied
by finite-difference-time-domain simulations, experiment measurements,
and analytical methods involving self-beating. All the results agree
well. The implications to quantum mechanics will be discussed.
Brief Bio
Kuan-Ren Chen received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in Nuclear Engineering
from the National Tsing Hua University (Taiwan) in 1982 and 1984,
respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in Physics from the University of
California at Los Angeles (USA) in 1991. Before joining the National
Cheng Kung University in 1997 and becoming a Professor in Physics in
1999, he was with the University of Texas at Austin, the Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, and the National Changhua University of Education.
At NCKU, he co-established the Department of Photonics and the
Institute of Space and Plasma Sciences. His research begun with
relativistic electron cyclotron instabilities, plasma mode conversion,
and plasma lasers. He discovered the importance of the relativistic ion
cyclotron instabilities for the dynamics of fusion produced fast alpha
particles. He solved an experimental puzzle of decades on the
accelerated expansion of laser ablated plume and he also co-proposed a
model for system between discrete and continuous states to explain the
splitting of laser plume. During the last fifteen years, his research
interest includes plasmonics and nanophotonics because he realizes the
importance of subwavelength wave mechanics in fundamental physics
(e.g., nonlinear phenomena, Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle, quantum
mechanics) and for critical applications (e.g., CMOS imaging and
photonic sensors, microscopy, dynamical 3D imaging of living cancer
cells.)
December 03,
2019
Ite
A. Yu, NTHU-Physics
Host: Po-Ti
Chang
Time: 2:20 pm
-3:20 pm
Place: Room 104,
CCMS-New Phys. building
Title:
Low-Loss
High-Fidelity Frequency Beam Splitters for Quantum Information
Processing
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrated a frequency beam splitter (FBS) with the
tunable split ratio based on slow light, i.e., the effect of
electromagnetically induced transparency, in the double-Lambda
configuration. This FBS can be utilized as the frequency-mode Hadamard
gate (FHG) or quantum frequency converter (QFC). Previous works showed
that FGHs and QFCs operating at the single-photon level all had
output-to-input ratios or overall efficiencies (including decay due to
propagation or insertion loss in media, input coupling efficiency,
frequency conversion efficiency, etc.) around 50% or less. Here, we
achieved an overall efficiency of 90% with the FGH and that of 84% with
the QFC. Both overall efficiencies reported by this work are the best
up-to-date records. Furthermore, we utilized the Hong-Ou-Mandel
interference (HOMI) to perform quantum process tomography. The measured
photon-photon correlation function in the HOMI indicates that the
fidelity of our FBS is 0.99. The FBS with the tunable split ratio
demonstrated by the FHG and QFC in this work can lead to useful quantum
operations or devices, e.g., entanglement swapping, quantum
multiplexing, etc. As frequency-encoded photonic qubits are more stable
over long transmission distances and more robust against birefringent
materials, the low-loss high-fidelity FBS reported by the manuscript
can greatly improve the success rate in long-distance quantum
communication.
Brief Bio
Career and HonorsChairman of the Department of Physics and Director of
the Institute of Astronomy, NTHU (2017/8-now)
Associate Professor, Professor, Distinguished Professor, &
Tsing Hua Chair Professor (1995~now), NTHU
Fellow of OSA since 2018
Fellow of the Taiwan Physical Society since 2014
Outstanding Research Award, Ministry of Science and Technology (2012)
& (2016)
Outstanding Scholar Award, Foundation for the Advancement of
Outstanding Scholarship (2013) & (2016)
Research Interests
With cold atoms, my research group has been studying slow/stored light
and quantum information manipulation. Slow/stored light not only
greatly enhances the interaction time between light and matters to
achieve a photon-photon interaction or qubit-qubit operation via media,
but also provides a method of coherent transfer of wave functions
between photons and atoms to lead to the application of quantum memory.
These developments have made great impacts to quantum information
manipulation.
December 13,
2019
Ng,
Kin-Wang, ASIAA
Host:
Po-Ti
Chang
Time: 2:20 pm
-3:20 pm
Place: Room 104,
CCMS-New Phys. building
Title:
Precision
Cosmology - 2019 Noble Prize in Physics
Abstract
The 2019 Noble Prize in Physics has been shared by James Peebles for
his theoretical discoveries in physical cosmology. In this talk, we
will see how the field of cosmology has become a high-precision
science, based on cosmological observations in hand with the
theoretical framework developed by James Peebles and many others.
Brief Bio
Kin-Wang Ng obtained his Ph.D. in Physics from University of Minnesota,
Minneapolis in 1989. He was recruited as a postdoctoral fellow in
Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica and has become a faculty member
since then. Currently, he is a joint research fellow of Institute of
Physics and Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica.
His major research interests are astroparticle physics and cosmology.
He has made important contributions to indirect detection of dark
matter, cosmic microwave background polarization, inflationary black
holes and gravitational waves. He was the recipient of the Young
Research Award of Academia Sinica, 1998. He serves the Executive
Committee member of National Center for Theoretical Sciences and the
General Council member of Asian Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics.
December 17,
2019
Prof.
Yu-Lun Chueh, NCHU-Material
Host:
Prof.
Ya-Ping Hsieh
Time: 2:20 pm
-3:20 pm
Place: Room 104,
CCMS-New Phys. building
Title:
Direct
growth of 2D materials: Development of novel growth methods and its
multifunctional applications
Abstract
Novel condensed matter systems can be understood as new compositions of
elements or old materials in new forms. According to the definition,
various new condensed matter systems have been developed or are under
development in recent years. 2D layered materials, including graphene,
transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) allow the scaling down to
atomically thin thicknesses and possess unique physical properties
under dimensionality confinement. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD)
process is the most popular approach for all kinds of 2D materials due
to its high yield and quality. Nevertheless, the need for high
temperature and the relatively long process time within each cycle
hinders for commercial development in terms of production cost.
However, the transfer procedure has become one of the major limitations
of the overall performance. In my talk, I will present several
approaches, including ultra-fast microwave heating, plasma selective
reaction, controlled segregation process by laser irradiation and metal
vaper-assisted growth processes developed in my lab these years to
directly grow graphene with controllable thicknesses on arbitrary
substrates without any extra transfer process. In addition, the lack of
a large-area and reliable synthesis method restricts exploring all the
potential applications of the TMDs. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is
a traditional approach for the growth of TMDs; nevertheless, the high
growth temperature is a major drawback for its to be applied in
flexible electronics. In this talk, an inductively coupled plasma (ICP)
was used to synthesize Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) through
a plasma-assisted selenization process of metal oxide (MOx) at a low
temperature, as low as 250 °C. Compared to other CVD processes the use
of ICP facilitates the decomposition of the precursors at lower
temperatures; therefore, the temperature required for the formation of
TMDs can be drastically reduced. we create the plasma-engineered-1T/2H
3D-hierarchical 2D materials derived from the MOx 3D-hierarchical
nanostructures through a low-temperature plasma-assisted selenization
process with controlled shapes grown by a glancing angle deposition
system (GLAD). The applications including (1) water splitting, (2) gas
sensors and (3) batteries will be reported
Brief Bio
Prof. Yu-Lun Chueh received his Ph.D degree from the department of
materials science and engineering, National Tsing Hua University,
Taiwan in 2006 and worked as postdoctoral in electrical engineering and
computer science, UC Berkeley from 2007-2009. He joined the department
of materials science and engineering, National Tsing Hua University in
2009. Currently, He is a professor in the department of materials
science and engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan. He has
published 252 peer-reviewed papers and 25 patents with total citations
>12000 and h-index of 52. Recently, he has been selected as an
Associate Academician of Asia Pacific Academy of Materials in 2017,
Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry in 2018, and received the
Ta-You Wu award in 2013 and the MOST research Award in 2019. The
research activities of his lab are highly interdisciplinary and are
committed to exploring new unpredicted levels of functional materials
to enable new schemes on manipulating and processing of engineering
nanomaterials in nanoelectronics and energy harvesting applications. He
is committed to currently realizing intellectual visions through
studies on four major areas toward New Material Technologies: (1)
Development of Cu(In, Ga)Se2 solar cell and its investigation on
light-harvesting behaviors, (2) Development of various method to
synthesize different Graphene/two dimensional materials, (3) Low power
resistive random access memory and (4) Growth of low dimensional
materials and its possible functional application.
December 24,
2019 Abstract
Prof.Cheng Chin, University of Chicago
Host:
Prof.Jiunn-Wei
Chen
Time: 2:20 pm
-3:20 pm
Place: Room 104,
CCMS-New Phys. building
Title:
From
spontaneous symmetry breaking to pattern formation in a quantum gas
Pattern formation is ubiquitous in nature from morphogenesis and cloud
formation to galaxy filamentation. More often than not, patterns arise
in a medium driven far from equilibrium due to the interplay of
dynamical instability and nonlinear wave mixing. Here we report, based
on momentum and real space pattern recognition, formation of density
patterns followed by spontaneous symmetry breaking in a periodically
driven quantum gas. The symmetry of the pattern is determined by the
waveform of the modulation. The hexagonal patterns, in particular,
arise from a novel resonant wave mixing process that coherently
correlates and amplifies excitations that respect the symmetry.
Brief Bio
Education
1995~2001 Ph.D., Physics, Stanford University (Advisor:
Steven Chu)
1990~1993 B.S., Physics, National Taiwan University
Academic Position
2019 Honorary lecture professor, NSYSU, Taiwan
2018 Visiting Professor, Tsinghua University, China
2015 JILA Visiting Fellow, JILA 2014, 2015 Visiting Professor,
Universität München, Munich, Germany
2014, 2015 Guest Scientist, Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik,
Garching, Germany
2013~ Professor, Department of Physics, University of Chicago 2005~2012
Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, University of Chicago
2001~2003 Postdoctoral Fellow, Physics Department, Stanford University
Honors and Awards
2017 Bose-Einstein Condensation Award
2014 American Physical Society Fellow
2014 Thomson Reuters Highly Cited Researcher
2014 Distinguished Alumni Award, Physics Department, National Taiwan
University
2013~2015 Alexander von Humboldt Research Fellow
2011 I. I. Rabi Prize, American Physics Society
2009 Materials Computation Center Travel Award
2008 IUPAP Young Scientist Prize in Atomic, Molecular and Optical
Physics
2008~2012 National Science Foundation CAREER award
2006~2012 The David and Lucile Packard Fellow
2006 Outstanding Young Researcher Award, Overseas Chinese Physics
Association
2006~2008 Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellow
2003~2005 Lise-Meitner Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Austrian Science
Fund
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31,
2019
Prof.Chee
Wee Liu
Electronics
Engineering,NTU Abstract
Host: Prof.Minghwei
Hong
Time: 2:20 pm
-3:20 pm
Place: Room 104,
CCMS-New Phys. building
Title:
Moore's
law continues
電子學課本教我們0.35微米的技術節點，所用的電晶體gate
length就是0.35um。但現在台積電量產的主力產品是7nm，很多同學都會以為電晶體的gate length還是7nm。
現在我在台大我們已經開始做2nm的技術節點，很多同學都很擔心gate
length為2nm的電晶體，理論上是非常困難的，因此就覺得超越2nm的技術節點是不可能。
到底什麼是Moore's law的定義？主要是指單位面積電晶體的個數，每一代要增加為兩倍，並沒有指定電晶體的gate
length就是技術節點的大小。
在台大我們利用(1) 3D電晶體，(2) stacked transistors，(3) GeSi/GeSn epitaxy，(4) 3D
cell有希望可以將技術節點超越1nm。希望能夠跟各位同學分享台大的榮耀。
Brief Bio
Chee Wee Liu (劉致為 cliu@ntu.edu.tw http://nanosioe.ee.ntu.edu.tw)
Distinguished Professor, Chief Executive Officer of tsmc-NTU research
center, National Taiwan University; Professor, International College of
Semiconductor technology, National Chiao Tung University; Senior full
researcher, National Nano Device Labs. He is also an IEEE Fellow, and
received 2018 Macronix Chair Professor(旺宏講座)/2017 Micron Chair
Professor(美光科技講座) and 2016/2003 Outstanding Research Awards, Ministry
of Science and Technology/National Science Council. He serve as an
associate Editor of IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology (T-NANO) and an
Editor of IEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability
(T-DMR).
His research includes SiGe/GeSn epi/photonics, stacked 3D transistors,
thermal simulation (physics/ML-based), IGZO TFT, and 3D IC. He
demonstrated the record high 2,400,000 cm2/Vs electron mobility in
strained Si, the first CVD GeSn outperforming MBE, the first stacked
GeSn channels, and the first Si/SiGe/SiC MIS LEDs. He has 551+ papers
(220+ journal papers, 25 IEDM, 3VLSI), 35 US patents, 2 China patents,
38 Taiwan ROC patents, more than 5096 citations.
Yu-tin Huang received his PhD degree in 2009 from YITP at SUNY Stony
Brook University. He went on to post doctoral positions at UCLA and
University of Michigan, and became a member at Institute of Advance
Studies in Princeton in 2013. In 2014 he was appointed assistant
professor at NTU. He is one of the leading experts in Scattering
amplitudes, and received the 2018 Nishiha Asia award as well as 2018
Ta-You Wu memorial award and is the Golden-Jade fellow of CTP/NTU.